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Арктическое измерение глобального потепления
https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2014-2-53-68
Аннотация
Дан обзор проявлений глобального потепления в арктической климатической системе. Особое внимание уделено морскому ледяному покрову. Арктика объединена с глобальной климатической системой циркуляцией атмосферы и океана, вносящей основной вклад в формирование энергетического баланса. Исходя из этого, с помощью специальных индексов показано, что усиление потепления в Арктике связано c ростом меридионального переноса тепла из низких широт, а зональная составляющая атмосферного переноса влияет на потепление в умеренных широтах. Кроме того, установлено, что часть современного глобального потепления также связана с ростом переноса тепла. В арктическое усиление потепления вносит вклад и увеличение приходящей к поверхности длинноволновой радиации за счёт повышения влажности и облачности в арктической атмосфере. Возрастающее отступление кромки льда в конце летнего сезона от берегов Сибири и Аляски в результате повышения летней температуры воздуха способствует прогреву верхнего слоя морской воды и усилению потепления в октябре–январе. Дана схема арктического усиления потепления в результате роста меридионального переноса из низких широт и возникающих обратных связей в арктической климатической системе.
Об авторе
Г. В. АлексеевРоссия
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Для цитирования: Алексеев Г.В. Арктическое измерение глобального потепления. Лёд и Снег. 2014;54(2):53-68. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2014-2-53-68
For citation: Alekseev G.V. Arctic dimension of global warming. Ice and Snow. 2014;54(2):53-68. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2014-2-53-68
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