.png)
.png)
.png)
Email this article 
Influence of the specific regime of snow deposits on permafrost basements in the cities of the cryolithozone (by the example of the Norilsk industrial region)
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421030101
Abstract
With increasing snowfalls and rising winter temperatures in the Arctic regions of Russia (against the background of almost the same summer values), the role of solid precipitation in the formation of the temperature and humidity regimes of seasonally thawed and upper horizons of permafrost grounds becomes extremely important. No regular observations of snow accumulation in built-up areas were conducted in the Arctic settlements. This article presents for the first time the results of snow measurements in urbanized areas of the Norilsk region, and assesses the warming effect of snow cover on the permafrost grounds and foundations. The problems that arise during the mechanical redistribution of snow are identified. In some areas the thickness of the snow cover (near the city of Norilsk) by the end of March can reach 200 cm; in February, the average monthly value for the last 15 years amounts 69 cm, and in the city the height of snow dumps ranges from 2 to 5 m. The warming effect of snow cover on the permafrost layer enhances as the snow height increases from 0 to 2–2.5 m, and then remains unchanged. Large masses of snow existing for many decades in almost the same places (together with the snow drifts of the air from the ventilated subfields) result in the development of degradation tendencies within the permafrost. A slight temperature rise was noted in grounds under 30–40% of the operated objects (as compared with the design values), which causes deformation of the structures.
About the Authors
V. I. GrebenetsRussian Federation
Moscow
V. A. Tolmanov
Russian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Kotlyakov V.M. Mir snega i l'da. World of snow and ice. Moscow: Nauka, 1994: 286 р. [In Russian].
2. Grebenets V.I. Geocryological-geoecological problems occuring in urbanised territories im Northern Russia and methods for improvement of foundations. Proc. of the Eight Intern. Conf. on Permafrost, Zürich, Switzerland, July 21–25. 2003, 1: 303–307. [In Russian].
3. Hrustalev L.S. Temperaturnyj rezhim vechnomerzlyh gruntov na zastroennoj territorii. Thermal regime of permafrost in the built-up area. Moscow: Nauka, 1971: 168 p. [In Russian].
4. Gorbacheva V.M. Gorod v Zapolyar'e i okruzhayushchaya sreda. City in the Arctic and the environment. Leningrad: Strojizdat. Leningr. otdelenie, 1984: 100 p. [In Russian].
5. Nazarova L.G., Poluektov V.E. Opyt proektirovaniya i stroitel'stva gorodov Krajnego Severa (na primere Noril'ska). Experience in the design and construction of cities in the Far North (by the example of Norilsk). Moscow: Strojizdat, 1972: 176 p. [In Russian].
6. Nuteveket M.A., Tregubov O.D. Exogenous processes in the urban environment as indicators of the state of the foundations in the permafrost zone. Materialy XV Obshcherossijskoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Perspektivy razvitiya inzhenernyh izyskanij v stroitel'stve v Rossijskoj Federacii». Materials of All-Russian scientific and practical conference «Perspectives of the development of Engineering surveys in the construction in Russia». Moscow: Geomarketing, 2019: 239–243. [In Russian].
7. Lobkina V.A., Gensiorovskij YU.V., Uhova N.N. Geoecological problems of areas occupied by snow polygons in cities. Inzhenernaya geologiya. Gidrogeologiya. Geokriologiya. Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology, Geocryology. 2016, 6: 510–520. [In Russian].
8. Kolpakov M., Lebedinskij V. Formula Zavenyagina. Zavenyagin Formula. Tula: Priokskoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo, 1985: 207 p. [In Russian].
9. Kolobaev A.F. Snow protection and mitigation methods from snow on the territory of the Norilsk Combine. Sb. dokl. Nauchn.-tekhnich. konferencii, posvyashchen. 20-letiyu proektn. kontory Noril'sk.kombinata. Collection of reports of the scientific and technical conf. dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the design office of the Norilsk Combine. Eds.: G.A. Borisova et al. Noril'sk: Tipograf. Noril. kom-ta, 1958: 135–147. [In Russian].
10. Berezovskij B.I. Stroitel'noe proizvodstvo v usloviyah Krajnego Severa. Construction production in the Far North. L.: Strojizdat. Leningr. otdelenie, 1982: 183 p. [In Russian].
11. SP 25.13330.2012 Osnovaniya i fundamenty na vechnomerzlyh gruntah. Aktualizirovannaya redakciya SNIP 2.02.04-88. Basements and foundations on permafrost soils. Updated edition of SNiP 2.02.04-88. Moscow, 2012: 117 р. [In Russian].
12. http://qfrost.net.
13. Osokin N.I., Sosnovskij A.V. Spatial distribution of the snow thermal resistance on the Russian territory and its impact on the ground freezing and thawing. Lеd i Sneg. Ice and Snow. 2016, 56 (1): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2016-1-52-60. [In Russian].
14. Maksyutova E.V., Bashalkhanova L.B. Severity of the present-day climate in the Polar regions of Siberia. Led i Sneg. Ice and Snow. 2019, 59 (2): 258–266. [In Russian]. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2019-2-402.
15. Zabolotnik S.I. Reasons for the widespread distribution of taliks in the Yenisei Arctic. Nauka i tehnika v Jakutii. Science and technology in Yakutia. 2019, 2 (37): 3–7. [In Russian].
16. Savchenko V.A. Ekologicheskie problemy Tajmyra. Environmental problems of Taimyr. Moscow: SIP RIA, 1998: 194 р. [In Russian].
17. https://rp5.ru/Weather_archive_in_Norilsk. [In Russian].
18. Spravochnik po stroitel'stvu na vechnomerzlyh gruntah. Permafrost Construction Guide. Und. red. Velli Y.Ya., Dokuchaeva V.V., Fedorova N.F. L.: Strojizdat. Leningr. otdelenie, 1977: 552 p. [In Russian].
19. Kislov A.V. Grebenets V.I., Evstigneev V.M., Konishchev V.M., Sidorova M.V, Surkova G.V., Tumel' N.V. The consequences of a possible warming of the climate in the XXI century in the north of Eurasia. Vestn. Mosk. Un-ta. Ser. 5. Geografiya. Bulletin of Moscow State University. Series 5. Geography. 2011, 3: 3–8. [In Russian].
20. Surkova G.S. Climatic resources of European Russia and Western Siberia in the first half of the XXI century. Klimaticheskie resursy Evropejskoj Rossii i Zapadnoj Sibiri v pervoj polovine XXI veka. Climatic resources of European Russia and Western Siberia in the first half of the XXI century. Und. red. N.S. Kasimova i A.V. Kislova. Moscow: MAKS Press, 2011: 118–157. [In Russian].
21. Sheveleva N.S., Homichevskaya L.S. Geokriologicheskie usloviya Enisejskogo severa. Geocryological conditions of the Yeniseian North. Moscow: Nauka, 1967: 127 p. [In Russian].
22. Grebenets V.I. Formation of specific natural and technogenic complexes in the Norilsk industrial region Materialy Vtoroj konf. geokriol. Rossii. 6–8 june 2001 g. T. 4. Inzhenernaya geokriologiya. Materials of the Second Conference of Geocryologists of Russia. V. 4. Engineering geocryology. Moscow: MGU, 2001: 59–65. [In Russian].
23. Porhaev G.V., Shchelokov V.K. Prognozirovanie temperaturnogo rezhima vechnomerzlyh gruntov na zastraivaemyh territoriyah. Forecasting the thermal regime of permafrost in the urbanised areas. Leningrad: Strojizdat, 1980: 112 p. [In Russian].
24. Sokratov S.A., Barry R.G. Intraseasonal variation in the thermoinsulation effect of snow cover on soil temperatures and energy balance. Journ. of Geophys. Research. 2002, 107 (D10): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JD001595.
25. Demidyuk L.M. Geokriologiya SSSR. Srednyaya Sibir'. Geocryology of USSR. Srednyaya Sibir’. Und. red. E.D. Ershova. Moscow: Nedra, 1989: 173–176. [In Russian].
Supplementary files
For citation: Grebenets V.I., Tolmanov V.A. Influence of the specific regime of snow deposits on permafrost basements in the cities of the cryolithozone (by the example of the Norilsk industrial region). Ice and Snow. 2021;61(3):457-470. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673421030101
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN 2076-6734 (Print)
ISSN 2412-3765 (Online)