Effects of glaciological and hydro-meteorological conditions on the glacial danger in Zailiyskiy Alatau


https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2017-2-261-268

Full Text:




Abstract

A need to estimate a hazard of a mudflow stream appearance in the glacial-nival zone of the Northern slope of Zailiyskiy Alatau (Kasakhstan) is now one of the really urgent problems. The objective of this study was to inves‑ tigate influence of glacial and hydrometeorological factors on the condition of snow-glacial zone of Zailiyskiy Alatau and find out a mudflow-forming role of the mudflow centers arising due to climate warming and degra‑ dation of glaciation: periglacial lakes, intramoraine channels and reservoirs, and also talik massifs of morainic deposits. We analyzed glacial processes in the Zailiysky Alatau over a long period using meteorological data of the Almaty weather station and its close correlations with data from weather stations in the mountains. The area of glaciations was found out to be reduced after the maximum of the Little Ice Age. A combined diagram of occurrence of the mudflow manifestations and factors causing them had been constructed on the basis of sta‑ tistical data on the landslide phenomena. Glacial mudflows were the most frequent in 1960–1990, and later on activity of them became weaker. We believe, that in the next 10–20 years, the glacial mudflow hazard in Zailiys‑ kiy Alatau can sharply decrease, but at the same time, a probability of occurrence of the rainfall mudflows can increase in the mountainous zone of the ridge due the increase of areas with melted moraine and slope deposits.

About the Authors

A. R. Medeu
Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


T. G. Tokmagambetov
Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


A. L. Kokarev
Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


L. A. Yeriskovskaya
Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


T. L. Kirenskaya
Institute of Geography, Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


P. A. Plekhanov
State Agency «Kazselezashchita», Committee Emergency Situations of Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


N. S. Plekhanov
State Agency «Kazselezashchita», Committee Emergency Situations of Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Almaty


References

1. Baimoldayev T.A., Vinokhodov V.N. Kazselezashchita – operativnyye mery do i posle stikhii. Kazselezashchita – operative measures before and after element. Almaty: Bastau, 2007: 284 p. [In Russian].

2. Medeu A.R. Selevyye yavleniya Yugo-Vostochnogo Kazakhstana. Osnovy upravleniya: T. 1. Mudflow events of South-East Kazakhstan. Bases of management. V. 1. Almaty: Print-S, 2011: 284 p. [In Russian].

3. Natsionalnyi Atlas Respubliki Kazakhstan: Tom 1: Prirodnyye usloviya i resursy. National Atlas of the Republic of Kazakhstan: V. 1: Natural conditions and resources. Almaty: Kazgeodeziya, 2010: 150 p. [In Russian].

4. Cherednichenko Alexandr V., Cherednichenko Alexey V., Cherednichenko V.S. Vremennyye ryady temperatur i osadkov. Statisticheskiy analiz. Time series of temperatures and precipitation. Statistical analysis. Almaty: Mega Print, 2013: 367 p. [In Russian].

5. Kotlyakov V.M., Severskiy I.V. Ledniki Tsentralnoy Azii: sovremennoye sostoyanoye, izmeneniya, vozmozhnoye vliyaniye na vodnye resursy. Materialy Mezhdunarodnogo Seminara. Ocenka snezhno-ledovyh i vodnyh resursov Azii. Glaciers of Central Asia: current situation, changes and possible impact on water resources. Assessment of snow, glacier and water resources in Asia. Selected papers from the Workshop in Almaty, 28–30 October 2006. Almaty: Kompleks, 2007: 244–250. [In Russian].

6. Tokmagambetov G.A., Sudakov P.A., Golubovich V.A. Mode of melting waters of moraines and water-regulated ability of moraine deposits. Vestnik AN KazSSR. Gerald of KazSSR Academy of Sciences. 1978, 10: 60–68. [In Russian].

7. Khomenyuk Yu.V., Plekhanov P.A., Tokmagambetov G.A., Maksimov A.B. Fonovyi prognoz glyatsialnykh seley. General forecast of glacial mudflows. Alma-Ata: Nauka, 1985: 64 p. [In Russian].

8. Plekhanov P.A., Dzhampeisov T.O. Mode of runoff in nival-glacial zone of Zailiyskiy Alatau. Itogi I perspektivy fiziko-geograficheskikh issledovaniy v Kirgizii. Results and prospective of physical-geographical researches in Kirgizstan. Frunze: Ilim, 1988: 20–22. [In Russian].

9. Plekhanov P.A. Glyatsial’nye seli Zailiyskogo Alatau i vozmozhnosti ikh prognoza. Glacial debris flows of Trans-Ili Alatau and possibilities of their forecast. PhThesis. Tashkent, Tashkent State University, 1984. 22 p. [In Russian].

10. Stepanov B.S., Khaidarov A.Kh. Yafyazova R.K. On scale of glaciation of Zailiyskiy Alatau in upper Pleistocene. Gidrometeorologiya i ekologiya. Hydrometeorology and ecology. 1999, 3: 127–133. [In Russian].

11. Stepanov B.S., Yafyazova R.K. To the formation of relief on northern slope of Zailiyskiy Alatau. Gidrometeorologiya i ecologiya. Hydrometeorology and ecology. 2002, 2: 100–113. [In Russian].

12. Severskiy I., Vilesov E., Armstrong R., Kokarev A., Kogutenko L., Usmanova Z., Morozova V., Raup B. Changes in glaciation of the Balkhash–Alakol basin, central Asia, over recent decades. Annals of Glaciology. 2016, 57 (71): 382–394. doi: 10.3189/2016AoG71A575.

13. Kokarev A.L., Shesterova I.N. Change of the glacier systems on the northern slope of Zailiyskiy Alatau for the second half of XX and the beginning of XXI centuries. Led i Sneg. Ice and Snow. 2011, 4 (116): 39–46. [In Russian].

14. Vilesov E.N., Khonin R.V. Katalog lednikov SSSR. T. 13. Centralnyi i Uzhnyi Kazakhstan. Vypusk 2. Basseyn ozera Balkhash. Chast’ 1. USSR Glaciers inventory. V. 13. Central and Southern Kazakhstan. Issue 2. Balkhash lake Basin. Pt. 1. Leningrad: Hydrometeoizdat, 1967: 78 p. [In Russian].

15. Vilesov E.N., Uvarov V.N. Evolutsiya sovremennogo oledeneniya Zailiyskogo Alatau v XX veke. The evolution of present-day glaciation of Zailiyskiy Alatau in XX century. Almaty: Kazakhstan State University, 2001: 252 p. [In Russian].

16. Blagoveshchenskiy V.P., Kokarev A.L., Uvarov V.N., Kasatkin N.Ye. Glaciological researches of Bogdanovich Glacier. Voprosy geografii I geoekologii. Problems of geography and geoecology. 2011, 3: 23–30. [In Russian].

17. Baume O. Spätpleistozäne bis holozäne Gletscherschwankungen ausgewählter Gebiete im Kaukasus, Tienschan und Altai. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Hochgebirgsforschung. Münchener Geographische Abhandlungen. 2002, A 52: 45–80.

18. Bolch T. GIS- und fernerkundungsgestützte Analyse und Visualisierung von Klima- und Gletscheränderungen im nördlichen Tien Shan (Kasachstan/Kyrgyzstan) mit einem Vergleich zur Bernina-Gruppe/Alpen. Erlangen, 2006: 210 p.


Supplementary files

For citation: Medeu A.R., Tokmagambetov T.G., Kokarev A.L., Yeriskovskaya L.A., Kirenskaya T.L., Plekhanov P.A., Plekhanov N.S. Effects of glaciological and hydro-meteorological conditions on the glacial danger in Zailiyskiy Alatau. Ice and Snow. 2017;57(2):261-268. https://doi.org/10.15356/2076-6734-2017-2-261-268

Views: 908

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2076-6734 (Print)
ISSN 2412-3765 (Online)

Vavilova St. 37 Moscow 117312 Russia
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences
Tel. +7 (499) 124-73-82

##about.privacyPolicyCommon##
supported by NEICON (Elpub lab)