Ice Phenology of Different Types of Lakes in Karelia Based on Long-Term Observations (1950–2021)


https://doi.org/10.7868/S2412376526010087

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Abstract

Time series of seasonal, annual air temperature and ice phenology records of 9 lakes of Karelia are analyzed to identify statistically significant trends and shifts in climate regimes during 1950–2021. The analysis of surface air temperature data at 8 weather stations indicates a persistent, stable warming of the regional climate of Karelia in all seasons of the year, but with higher values observed in winter and spring. It was found that there was a statistically significant trend in the ice-on dates of all lakes to later dates at a rate of +1.3– 4.1 days/10 years, and the ice-off dates to earlier dates at a rate of –1.1–2.0 days/10 years. The duration of the ice cover decreased by an average of 15–25 days (especially due to the later ice-on data), and for large lakes Onega and Segozero by 35–40 days. Using the test analysis of regime shifts, we found evidence of abrupt changes in mean winter air temperature in 1988/89, the spring air temperature and ice-off of lakes in 1999/2000. The rate of ice cover loss has accelerated in recent decades. Large deep lakes are most sensitive to climate change and are more susceptible to ice cover loss than small lakes in the same region.

About the Authors

T. V. Efremova
Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


B. Z. Belashev
Institute of Geology of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


N. I. Palshin
Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


G. E. Zdorovennova
Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


S. R. Bogdanov
Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


R. E. Zdorovennov
Northern Water Problems Institute of the Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Petrozavodsk


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Supplementary files

For citation: Efremova T.V., Belashev B.Z., Palshin N.I., Zdorovennova G.E., Bogdanov S.R., Zdorovennov R.E. Ice Phenology of Different Types of Lakes in Karelia Based on Long-Term Observations (1950–2021). Ice and Snow. 2026;66(1):105-120. https://doi.org/10.7868/S2412376526010087

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