.png)
.png)
.png)
Email this article 
Chemical characteristics of snow cover in the high-latitude Russian Arctic (Baranov Cape, Bolshevik Island, Severnaya Zemlya)
https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422040152
Abstract
For the first time, features of the chemical composition of the snow cover during its accumulation on the Bolshevik Island (the area of the research station «Cape Baranov» Ice base») were studied. In winter 2018/19, the following elements density, conductivity, total acidity, pH, NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, and Si and, additionally, Na+, К+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-, were measured in new and old snow. Regularities of changes in the parameters of these two types of snow with time have been found. New snow is characterized by negative time trends in density, pH, conductivity, and total acidity, and by positive ones – in NO3–. All statistically significant changing parameters of new snow, except NH4+, showed high temporal variability. In the old snow, trends of decreasing NO3– and total acidity and increasing pH with the depth in the snow cover, as well as a positive correlation between NO3– and NH4+ have been revealed, that is not typical for the new snow. It was shown that the ammonium content in the old snow was, on average, 2.8 times higher than in the new one. The influence of different natural and anthropogenic factors on the snow chemical composition on the Bolshevik Island is discussed. We show that the increase in the total acidity of snow up to 0.001–0.014 meq/l in November–June during the young ice formation and then freeze-up could be due to anthropogenic nitrogen and sulfur oxides in roughly equal proportions. However, the chemical composition of the studied snow corresponds to the zone of the ecological norm. We compared the chemical composition of snow on the Bolshevik Island with similar characteristics of precipitation in other background regions of the Russian Federation using data of the World Weather Watch of the World Meteorological Organization. It was revealed that the studied snow was more acidic, less mineralized, depleted in sulfates, ammonium, nitrates and contained low electrical conductivity. In comparison with the snow cover on the Golomyanny Island (Severnaya Zemlya), the studied old snow contained minimal amounts of basic ions and was more acidic.
About the Authors
O. V. ShevtsovaRussian Federation
Vladivostok
E. D. Dobrotina
Russian Federation
St. Petersburg
A. B. Goncharova
Russian Federation
St. Petersburg
A. P. Nedashkovsky
Russian Federation
Vladivostok
St. Petersburg
References
1. Andruz Dzh., Brimblekumb P., Dzhikelz T., Liss P. Vvedenie v khimiyu okruzhayushchei sredy. Introduction to environmental chemistry Translation from English Ed G A Zavarzina Moscow: Mir, 1999: 271 p [In Russian]
2. Bogorodskiy P.V., Makshtas A.P., Kustov V.Yu., Movchan V.V. The dynamics of seasonal thawing of permafrost in the region of the Ice Base «Mys Baranova» (Bolshevik Island, Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago) Problemy Arktiki i Antarktiki Arctic and Antarctic Research 2018, 64 (1): 16–30 doi: 10.30758/0555-2648-2018-64-116-30 [In Russian]
3. Vetrov V.A., Kuzovkin V.V., Manzon D.A. Acidity of atmospheric precipitation and atmospheric precipitation fallout of sulfur and nitrogen in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation according to the monitoring of the chemical composition of snow cover Arktika: ekologiya i ekonomika Arctic: Ecology and Economics 2014, 3 (15): 46–51 [In Russian]
4. Derffel'd K. Statistika v analiticheskoi khimii. Analitical chemistry statistics Translation from German Ed Yu P Adler Moscow: Mir, 1994: 268 p [In Russian]
5. Korzh V.D. Regularity of the chemical elements fractionation in the process of their carrying out from the ocean into the atmosphere Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. Reports of the Academy of Sciences 1987, 292 (4): 822–827 [In Russian]
6. Korzh V.D. Geokhimiya elementnogo sostava gidrosfery. Geochemistry of the hydrosphere elemental composition Moscow: Nauka, 1991: 243 p [In Russian]
7. Kotova E.I. Sulphates in precipitation and snow of Taimyr Peninsula coast Problemy ekologicheskogo monitoringa i modelirovaniya ekosistem. Problems of ecological monitoring and ecosystem modeling 2018, XXIX (1): 65–72 doi: 10.21513/0207-2564-2018-1-65-72 [In Russian]
8. Kotova E.I., Vasilevich I.I., Romashova K.V., Krasavina A.S. Chemical composition of snow cover of the Barents and Kara seas islands Rossiiskaya Arktika Russian Arctic 2021, 15: 17–27 [In Russian]
9. Kotova E.I., Shevchenko V.P. Influence of long-range atmospheric transport on formation of ionic composition of atmospheric precipitation and snow cover in coastal zone of western Russian Arctic Fundamental'nye issledovaniya Fundamental research 2014, 12 (11): 2378– 2382 [In Russian]
10. Nedashkovskii A.P., Dobrotina E.D., Rumiantsev A.L. Chemical composition of frost flowers on the drifting station «North pole-35» Problemy Arktiki i Antarktiki. Arctic and Antarctic Research 2012, 91 (1): 60–66 [In Russian]
11. Nedashkovskii A.P., Shvetsova M.G. Total Inorganic Carbon in Sea Ice Okeanologiya. Oceanology 2010, 50 (6): 910–917 [In Russian]
12. Overview ice maps of the Arctic Ocean Retrieved from: http://old.aari.ru/main.php?lg=0&id=94 (Last access: 28 June 2022) [In Russian]
13. Pershina N.A., Polishchuk A.I., Pavlova M.T., Semenets E.S. Ionnyi sostav atmosfernykh osadkov na rossiiskikh stantsiyakh, vkhodyashchikh v sistemu Global'noi Sluzhby Atmosfery VMO. Obzor sostoianiya i zagriazneniya okruzhaiushchei sredy v Rossiiskoi Federatsii za 2018 g. Ionic composition of atmospheric precipitation at Russian stations of the Global Atmosphere Watch of WMO Review of the state and pollution of the environment in the Russian Federation for 2018 Moscow: Federal Service of Russia on Hydrometeorology and Monitoring of the Environment, 2019: 47–51 [In Russian]
14. Rukovodstvo po khimicheskomu analizu poverkhnostnykh vod sushi. Chast' I. Manual for the chemical analysis of land surface waters Pt 1 Ed L V Boeva Rostov-onDon: NOK, 2009: 1044 p [In Russian]
15. Savchenko A.F Evaporation from the surface of the snow cover during the period of its occurrence in the Asian territory of Russia 2016 Retrieved from: http://elib.rshu.ru/files_books/pdf/rid_aaae969a98e549d18ed5002ddb752f12.pdf (Last access: 28 June 2022) [In Russian]
16. Svistov P.F., Polishchuk A.I, Pershina N.A. Qualitative assessment of environmental pollution (according to data on the chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation) Trudy GGO im. A.I. Voeikova. Proc of Voeikov Main Geophysical Observatory 2010, 2: 4–17 [In Russian]
17. Tret'iakov M.V., Golovanov O.F., Grigor'eva V.A., Romashova K.V. Maksimal'nye snegozapasy na vodosbore zaliva Grenf'ord. Sovremennoe sostoyanie prirodnoi sredy arkhipelaga Shpitsbergen. Maximum snow reserves in the Gren Fjord Bay catchment area The current state of the natural environment of the Svalbard Archipelago. Ed L M Savatiugina St Petersburg: Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 2020: 183–190 [In Russian]
18. Shevchenko V.P., Vinogradova A.A., Lisitsyn A.P., Novigatskii A.N., Goriunova N.V. Atmosfernye aerozoli kak istochnik osadochnogo veshchestva i zagriaznenii v Severnom Ledovitom okeane. Sistema morya Laptevykh i prilegaiushchikh morei Arktiki: sovremennoe sostoianie i istoriya razvitiya. Atmospheric aerosols as the source of the sedimentary matter and pollution in the Arctic Ocean System of the Laptev Sea and the Adjacent Arctic Seas: Modern and Past Environments Moscow: Moscow University Press, 2009: 150–172 [In Russian]
19. Electronic archive of data of urgent meteorological observations for the period 2013–2021 from the research station «Cape Baranov» Ice base» Retrieved from: http://old.aari.ru/main.php?lg=0&id=405 (Last access: 15 July 2022) [In Russian]
20. Alvarez-Aviles L. Simpson W.R., Douglas T.A., Sturm M., Perovich D., Domine F Frost flower chemical composition during growth and its implications вовлечение for aerosol production and bromine activation Journ of Geophys Research 2008, 113: D21304 doi: 10.1029/2008JD010277
21. Domine F., Sparapani R., Ianniello A., Beine H.J. The origin of sea salt in snow on Arctic sea ice and in coastal regions Atmos Chem Phys 2004, 4: 2259–2271 doi: 10.5194/acp-4-2259-2271
22. Kaleschke L., Richter A., Burrows J., Afe O., Heygster G., Notholt J., Rankin A.M., Roscoe H.K., Hollwedel J., Wagner T., Jacobi H.-W. Frost flowers on sea ice as a source of sea salt and their influence on tropospheric halogen chemistry Geophys Research Letters 2004, 31: L16114 doi: 10.1029/2004GL020655
23. Meinrat O. Andreae. Marine aerosol chemistry at Cape Grim, Tasmania, and Townsville, Queensland Journ of Geophys Research: Oceans 1982, 87 (C11): 8875–8885
24. Wagenbach D., Ducroz F., Mulvaney R., Keck L., Legrand M., Hall J.S., Wolff E.W. Sea-salt aerosol in coastal Antarctic regions Journ of Geophys Research 1998, 103 (D9): 10961–10974 doi: 10.1029/97JD01804
Supplementary files
For citation: Shevtsova O.V., Dobrotina E.D., Goncharova A.B., Nedashkovsky A.P. Chemical characteristics of snow cover in the high-latitude Russian Arctic (Baranov Cape, Bolshevik Island, Severnaya Zemlya). Ice and Snow. 2022;62(4):564-578. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2076673422040152
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
ISSN 2076-6734 (Print)
ISSN 2412-3765 (Online)